Measuring Regional Economic Performance

Measuring Regional Economic Performance Introduction: Indicators on the economic performance of regional and territories inside districts are vital for compelling provincial policymaking. The drivers of the Economic performance of a region are measured over various other factor like industrial restructuring, global competitiveness etc. which has now become the global concerns as well. In this article, we are going to discuss the different measures of the regional economic performance and review how they are relevant and useful to understand our economic spaces. Economic measures: The need to utilize better furthermore even more boundless markers has been identified and future territorial approach is liable to concentrate on empowering all districts to understand the maximum capacity of their advantages, and in addition helping the poorest performing regions to close the hole with the better performing area (Skousen 2013). GVA and GDP are two well-known examples of the measures of the regional economic performance. However, the different measures of regional economic indicators include the other factors like Labor market, Productivity, skills, innovation, enterprise, investment, and competition. Regional Output or GVA (Gross Value Added): GVA is the worth produced by any unit occupied with a generation movement.in other words, it is value added to the materials and other inputs in the production of goods and services by the organizations of that region before any capital consumption or calculation of depreciation (Economic Performance and Developent n.d.). It is measured at current essential costs, barring expenses (fewer appropriations) on items. GVA in addition to expenses (fewer endowments) on items is proportionate to Gross Domestic Product (GDP) (Avellaneda 2006). The information utilized here is delivered utilizing the pay methodology or GVA (I). GVA is the common factor used by most of the countries for measuring the economic development of the nations (Measurement of Economic Performance and Social Progress n.d.). As we know that the main source of GVA are productivity and income, which do vary. GVA calculations equation is the simple ratio of the economic activity carried in a region divided by the total number of population, i.e. people living in that region. However, in real sense to measure the productivity the equation should be rationalized by the total economic activity of that country by the total number of labor inputs (total job hours worked) utilized to create it. GV has numerator as the work place and the denominator is residence based which reflects the fact the GVA does not consider (Dunnell n.d.): the work force like youngsters or pensioners who are not direct contributors of the GVA, in other words we can say percentage gap in the regional differences of the residents. commuters who work in an out for the work variation in the labor market structure (for e.g. Full time or part time) across the regions. Because of the aforementioned factors, the GVA is made unsuitable per head and gives inconsistent results. This can be explained with an example that the place where high commuters are there will have higher GVA as compared to those where the commuters are in low quantity (International journal of Urban and Regional Research n.d.). GDP or Gross Domestic Product: Gross Domestic Product of an economic region provides the measure of the total economic activity of a country or the region. This means the Economic consists of total number of products and services produced in a country per annum (HALL TEWDWR-JONES 2011). Governments and specialists need to know whether the provincial approach help really prompts a get up to speed procedure, and the media frequently utilize the marker to analyze the monetary execution of locales and make rankings (Regional Studies 2015). Productivity: Productivity is a measure of the proficiency of production. It is the proportion of yield delivered to the inputs needed in the generation process. Because of work gainfulness, it gives a measure of yield every work data, where the work info can be either filled employments or hours lived up to expectations. It is A vast piece of the distinctions in productivity between the regions are because of diverse laborer characteristics. Other parts of a nearby economy, for example, the levels of development and business new companies can likewise affect benefit levels. These profits to financial productivity emerge from working in a thick city environment. The Labor Market: Labor Market consists of the different segments, they are – employment, unemployment, under employment and Economic inactivity (Davis Haltiwanger 2014). For most locales/nations, the information recommends work rates have been climbing even more as of late, despite the fact that the increment is not generally measurably critical. Monetary dormancy alludes to individuals who are not in occupation or unemployed, for instance individuals who are taking care of a home or family, or have resigned or are long haul sick. Net livelihood development is the quantity of employments made by growing and opening foundations short the quantity of occupations devastated by contracting and shutting foundations. Income and Earnings: Gross Disposable Household Income (GDHI) every head is prescribed as a measure of the territorial welfare of people. GDHI speaks to the measure of cash accessible inside the family unit part for spending or sparing after pay conveyance measures (for instance charges, social commitments, and profits) have taken effect. A key part of family unit pay is profit from business. This is income left after consumption connected with salary, e.g. assessments and social commitments, property possession and procurement for future annuity wage. It is figured horrible of any reasoning for capital utilization. GVA not every head is prescribed as a measure of welfare for various reasons. Case in point, because of driving, inhabitants may get their earnings from monetary movement in an alternate area, which is not caught by GVA every leader of their district. They might likewise have wellsprings of wage, which are irrelevant to current work, for example, annuities, and ventures. These are incorporated in the GDHI measure (ECONOMIC GROWTH AND TRADE 2015). Innovation: Development is an important, albeit not sufficient, condition for monetary achievement and is along these lines perceived as an imperative driver of gainfulness. Development involves, amongst different things, the improvement of new advancements that build productivity and the presentation of new, products that are more significant and administrations. It additionally incorporates intangibles, for example, new systems for working and enhancements to administrations. International Competitiveness: Competition from organizations based abroad upgrades the benefit of UK firms by making motivations to advance and guaranteeing that assets are distributed to the most proficient firms. Despite the fact that organizations may be focused without sending out abroad, fares give an evidence of how worldwide areas and nations are in their viewpoint and their capacity to face worldwide rivalry. Fares as a rate of GVA do not show that fares straightforwardly contribute this offer to GVA. Rather, GVA is utilized just as a valuable denominator to think about the relative commitment of fares. Conclusion: No single pointer can give a sufficient premise to evaluating a locales financial execution. The gainfulness of those working in a locale can be high, while family salary of occupants may be low because of moderately vast quantities of individuals. Utilizing a catch-all marker cant represent the fluctuating territorial exhibitions on gainfulness, wage and work market issues. The above has demonstrated that there can be contrasts in provincial monetary execution. Variety is significantly stronger inside districts – between little authoritative ranges, between the distinctive sorts of country and urban territories, or between city locales. Certain sorts of organizations benefit from being in close closeness to direct contenders. They can make utilization of a more prominent pool of suppliers, a bigger client base, and access to neighborhood systems, which can encourage learning and innovation spillovers. Bibliography Allen, K 2014, UK on track to be fastest growing G7 economy despite slowdown, viewed 22 Feb 2015, http://www.theguardian.com/business/2014/oct/24/uk-economic-growth-slows>. Avellaneda, SD 2006, Good Governance,Institutions and Economic Development:Beyond the Conventional Wisdom, viewed 22 Feb 2015, http://www.upf.edu/dcpis/_pdf/sdellepiane.pdf>. Berger, PDT 2010, An Overview and Analysis on Indices of Regional Competitiveness, viewed 22 Feb 2015, http://www.bapress.ca/Journal-2/An%20Overview%20and%20Analysis%20on%20Indices%20of%20Regional%20Competitiveness.pdf>. Davis, SJ Haltiwanger, J 2014, Labor Market Fluidity and Economic Performance, viewed 22 Feb 2015, http://www.kc.frb.org/publicat/sympos/2014/083014-1.pdf>. Dunnell, K, National Statistician’s article: measuring regional economic performance, viewed 22 Feb 2015. ECONOMIC GROWTH AND TRADE 2015, viewed 22 Feb 2015, http://www.usaid.gov/haiti/economic-growth-and-trade>. Economic Performance and Developent, viewed 22 Feb 2015, http://www.hsrc.ac.za/en/departments/economic-performance-and-development>. Economic performance and sustainable growth, viewed 22 Feb 2015, http://www.esrc.ac.uk/about-esrc/mission-strategy-priorities/economic-performance.aspx>. Galor, O 2013, Journal of Economic Growth, Springer, no. 10887, http://www.springer.com/economics/growth/journal/10887>. International journal of Urban and Regional Research, viewed 21 Feb 2015, http://www.ijurr.org/view/index.html>. Joseph Stiglitz, ASAJ-PF, The Measurement of Economic Performance and Social Progress Revisited, viewed 22 Feb 2015, http://www.stiglitz-sen-fitoussi.fr/documents/overview-eng.pdf>. Lequiller, F, Is GDP a satisfactory measure of growth?, viewed 22 Feb 2015, http://www.oecdobserver.org/news/archivestory.php/aid/1518/Is_GDP_a_satisfactory_measure_of_growth_.html>. Measurement of Economic Performance and Social Progress, viewed 22 Feb 2015, http://www.oecd.org/statistics/measuring-economic-social-progress/>. Measuring economic performance in your region (covering the indicator Regional Gross Domestic Product), viewed 21 Feb 2015, http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/ytos/measuring-economic-performance-in-your-region>. Moore, S Griffith, J 2015, The Freedom Path to Economic Growth: A Comparative Analysis of Country Performance, viewed 22 Feb 2015, http://www.heritage.org/index/book/chapter-3>. North, DC, Economic performance through time, viewed 22 Feb 2015, http://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/2118057?sid=21105420472021uid=2uid=4>. Performance indicators, viewed 21 Feb 2015, http://www.economicsonline.co.uk/Managing_the_economy/Measuring_performance.html>. Pettinger, T 2014, Key measures of economic performance, viewed 22 Feb 2015, http://www.economicshelp.org/blog/10189/economics/key-measures-economic-performance/>. Regional Economic Indicators 2014, viewed 21 Feb 2015, http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/regional-trends/regional-economic-indicators/march-2013/regional-economic-indicatorsmarch-2013.html#tab-The-labour-market>. Regional Studies 2015, vol 49, no. 3. Skousen, M 2013, Beyond GDP: Get Ready For A New Way To Measure The Economy, viewed 22 Feb 2015, http://www.forbes.com/sites/realspin/2013/11/29/beyond-gdp-get-ready-for-a-new-way-to-measure-the-economy/>. Slaper, T, Measuring the Economic Performance of Regions: Creative Destruction and Economic Dynamism, viewed 21 Feb 2015, http://www.ibrc.indiana.edu/ibr/2014/summer/article1.html>.

Film Review: Boys Don’t Cry

Boys Don’t Cry is a movie examining the life of the late Teena Brandon. It is an intense movie that follows her journey to self-discovery and essentially her passing. Boys Don’t Cry not only explores how difficult it is to be queer but also what it means to have a sexual identity crisis (as Brandon puts it). Brandon goes through so much to cover his true identity and in the end nothing is enough. This adaptation of a true story engages and walks the watcher through the difficulties transgender people have in life.The opening scene of Boys Don’t Cry lets the audience know that Teena Brandon has now become Brandon Teena. Following the lines of New Queer Cinema this film gives the outside world a new way to look at transgender individuals. This film breaks new ground by showing â€Å"true crime material through the prism of New Queer Cinema† (Brooks, 2000) The fact that what happened to Brandon was true makes this movie all the more important. Both straights and queers can watch this movie in disgust and learn something from it also.Discrimination (any type and in this case especially sexual) should be stopped. Examining this movie more in depth the audience gets a look not only in the life of Brandon but of the people he surrounds himself with. In the Film Journal article Driving into the ‘Dustless Highway' of Queer Cinema By Daniel Mudie Cunningham he gives background information about Falls City, Nebraska. Being a native San Franciscan myself it helped to know what Falls City was all about because of the obvious contrast between California and Nebraska. Cunningham describes the â€Å"wall people† in his article.The â€Å"wall people† in Falls City are â€Å"bored kids who congregate against the wall at the Qwik Stop convenience store all night long. † This is actually a subculture in Falls City. The activities that Brandon and his friends do in the film are what actually happen there. Karaoke and whip-its a re the thing to do for fun in a place life Falls City. An interesting point that Cunningham brings up is that the lives the â€Å"wall people† live and essential the life Brandon wants to be in entraps them more to the rural un-open minded kind of life style.Brandon doesn’t see that moving from Lincoln to a more rural town like Falls City is a bad idea. I find it interesting that for the people in Falls City they probably would have done anything to get out of there but Brandon found refuge and called it his home. Even his love, Lana, wanted to get out of Falls City and go as far as Memphis. In actuality no one got to leave and if time could be turned back Brandon and Lana should have made their escape from the beginning. The reasons Brandon didn’t want to leave Falls City was because he thought that he had finally been accepted and he had found what he was looking for his whole life.Through out the movie we see Brandon searching for the perfect girl. His cousin , Lonnie, even says on the phone call back home from Falls City â€Å"no more girls† The romantic aspect of this film re-examines what romantic movies are really about. In this film Brandon is the apidemy of hot for a girl living in Nebraska. And even though Brandon has a secret no one cares because the way he talks and treats girls in interpreted as cute and loving so the lie doesn’t matter. When transforming from Teena to Brandon she/he chooses the sweetheart cowboy to be her male persona.With a cowboy hat and a little bit of a twang Brandon is able to sweep girls of their feet. Even with the first girl in the opening scene, Nicole, she points out that Brandon isn’t from around here and when asked where he is from she replies â€Å"somewhere beautiful. † Brandon’s boyish/girlish good looks and cowboy â€Å"I’m here to save you† charm wins everyone over. Enough so that his small physique and high voice gets left unnoticed. However no matter where Brandon would have went his identity could not be left behind.Brandon through out the whole movie was trying to be someone he wasn’t. Hiding his identity got him in all kinds of trouble. The reason he was found out was because of the petty crimes he committed trying to prove himself as a man. The beginning of Brandon’s undoing was when the gang and him were driving down the highway evading the police. Cunningham once again noted that this scene was an escape for Brandon but can also be seen as his downfall. Brandon’s life begins to swirl down the drain when little bits of is identity came out, from the ticket to the check written by Teena Brandon. As the events go by it is interesting that when Brandon finally gets some action form Lana she doesn’t freak out when she discovers he is a she. Brandon doesn’t exactly tell her but in the scene where they are first making love Lana sees Brandon’s cleavage. In the article written by X an Brooks for Sight and Sound Lana’s trust in Brandon is seen as commendable and endearing. To the very end Lana believed whatever Brandon believed and that was that he is a man.To bad for Brandon not all of his compadres were that trusting. The end of Boys Don’t Cry can definitely make one cry. The gut-wrenching finale is hard to take. When all is found out Brandon’s friends, especially John and Tom, turn against him and break him down in the worst way possible. The rape scene is crude and shows the destruction of Brandon’s life. Instantly he is turned back into Teena and is striped of all dignity and courage. All the characters worst personality traits prevail here except for Lana’s.Every one turns on Brandon including Lana’s mother who at one point was completely in love with him calling him a â€Å"movie star†. After the rape when Brandon was reporting it to the police the way the police treated him was horrible. The questions abo ut his sexuality were not pertinent to the rape and were said almost to humiliate him and insinuate that it was brought on because of his lie. A rape victim in Brandon’s case or in any other case has historically been led to believe that she brought it on herself for being sexy or for the clothes she wears.Movies like this can be used to open the doors to show the public how disgusting and unforgivable rape can be, especially when done out of the need for control by men. In the case of Brandon John and Tom had be threatened by Brandon’s cordial manner from the beginning. Brandon â€Å"who knew exactly how to please women, both carnally and emotionally† (Brooks, 2000) was more masculine in the way he treated women that when it was found out he was a she John and Tom finally found their chance to be superior and raped her. After rape death can be the worst thing to happen to a woman.After Brandon’s dignity was taken from him his life was also taken. After a beautiful scene when Lana and Brandon fully make love John and Tom find Brandon hiding out at Candice’s house and come for him. John purposefully takes Lana with them so she can witness the death of her lover. This ending scene is not typical however for a suspense movie. Brandon is killed instantly after some screaming and comes as a blunt shock to the audience. The death of Candice happens the same, very blunt and unexpected, with her child right beside her.Boys Don’t Cry was almost too much to absorb. Brandon’s intense death goes to show how closed-minded people can be. Brandon did nothing in his life but be the person he wanted to be and yet because that didn’t fit into the norm other people held he was murdered. The life and death of Brandon can be seen as a learning tool and a way to see how discrimination can only lead to bad things happening. Everyone should be left to their own devices and should be able to be whoever they want to be.

Persuasive Essay On Stalking - 1295 Words

What comes to mind when you think of the word stalk? Do you think of a man or a woman? What occurs when a person stalks an individual? Have you ever been stalked? How can we prevent this from happening? What do you do when you are being stalked? Stalking by definition is to harass or persecute (someone) with unwanted and or obsessive attention. It has become a serious but relatively new problem within the United States. There are actually more than one way to stalk someone but what happens when this occurs? I think that stalking has been taken too lightly in this nation and we need to start implicating stronger laws and educating people on the issue of stalking and how it can be prevented. Although stalking laws are relatively new;†¦show more content†¦The first state to implicate stalking laws was California in 1992 which is no surprise because we needed to protect our stars in Hollywood. It only took roughly six years for all 50 states to implicate some sort of law to protect people. There is a grey line when it does come to stalking however because there is a difference between making threats and actually threatening someone. Unfortunately if you feel you are being stalked it is important to remember that the constitution protects our rights and the first amendment is freedom of speech. In this country we are allowed to say what we want technically. In 1996 president Clinton signed a more stricter anti-stalking bill and made it nation wide restraining orders and even allowed it to include victims family members. It basically was a law that made it illegal to cross state lines with the intent to stalk and harass someone. This is to allow a victim to move and start a fresh life elsewhere. If this law got violated it resulted in a minimum of five years in jail and twenty years if a person was injured in an way during the process of stalking. The anti-stalking laws have been ratified over and over again for the past several years. 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Benefits Of Mindfulness Based Training Course - 2589 Words

Follow-up research into the perceived benefits from the mindfulness-based training course found that counsellors participation in mindfulness-based therapy had an overall positive impact on both their personal and professional life. Results suggest the training course had associated benefits in the subjects’ personal life, particularly personal growth/self-care and interpersonal relationships. Firstly, within personal development/self-care, results found participants noticed physical benefits including increased flexibility, energy and circulation. Recorded emotional benefits included a greater sense of emotional control and reduced anxiety. Some participants added that the continuation of mindfulness-based practice allowed them to reduce self-criticism. Increased intellectual abilities participants recorded included a greater ability to focus on a particular thought as well as developing an open mind. 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